Statistical Classification of Economic Activities NACE Rev. 2.0

This division includes the publishing of books, brochures, leaflets, dictionaries, encyclopaedias, atlases, maps and charts; the publishing of newspapers, journals and periodicals; the publishing of directories and mailing lists, and other publishing (including software publishing).

Publishing includes the acquisition of copyrights to content (information products) and making this content available to the general public by engaging in (or arranging for) the reproduction and distribution of this content in various forms. Publishers may license rights to others to distribute their content, or they may publish and distribute content they create or own. All the feasible forms of publishing (in print, digital, analogue, or any other form) and self-publishing activities are included in this division, except publishing of motion pictures and music.

This division covers the streaming of content (for example, software and books), by content publishers.

This division excludes the production of motion pictures, videos and movies, the publishing of music and the production of original (sound) master recordings, see division 59.

Also excluded are obtaining rights from publishers to broadcast and distribute content (see division 60), computer programming activities (see division 62), printing (see class 18.11) and the mass reproduction of recorded media (see class 18.20).

This division includes the activities of creating content or acquiring the right to distribute content and subsequently broadcasting or distributing that content. Types of produced or distributed content included in this division are radio, television, audio and audiovisual entertainment, news, talk, etc., including programmes that are typically narrowcast in nature (programmes that appeal to a particular segment of the population, such as news, sport, education, youth-oriented programming). The broadcasting or content distribution can be performed using different technologies, over-the-air, via satellite, via a cable network or via the internet broadcasting, streaming or downloads. This division also includes the broadcasting of live podcasts, third-party on-demand distribution of recorded podcasts and downloads, and activities of news agencies, social network sites, blogs and wiki sites, and online gaming / video game sites. Content may be made freely available to users or may be available only on a subscription or fee basis.

This division excludes: the operation of cable or satellite television transmission networks (division 61); the production of audio and audiovisual recordings (including recorded podcasts), activities of vlog sites and the distribution of motion pictures, videos or audiovisual works and similar productions to motion picture theatres, television networks and stations, and exhibitors (division 59); wholesale/retail sale of audio and video recordings on physical media (divisions 46 and 47); retail sale outlets of newspapers (division 47); videodisc rental (division 77); activities of independent actors (including influencers appearing in vlogs) and independent bloggers (division 90); publishing of video games and other software (division 58); provision of computing infrastructure and hosting activities, and activities of web search portals (division 63); activities of gambling sites (division 92).